ArrivingĪt the Sangro River, the British won a small bridgehead on 24 November. He envisioned seizing the Italian capital before Christmas. In early November, British Eighth Army’s Major General Bernard Montgomery decided that a bold advance up the Adriatic coast could enable a left hook from the town of Pescara inland to Rome. Between these two lines lay the militarily impossible mountains of the Apennines. While the Bernhard Line stood behind the Sangro River. The Gustav Line hinged on the high point of Monte Cassino, First came the capture of the island of Sicily, followed byĪ slow advance up the boot of mainland Italy.īy the fall of 1943, the advance had bogged down in the face of determined German resistance, anchored on two defensive positions – the Gustav Line to the west and the Bernhard Line in the east. Nicholson, The Canadians in Italy 1943-1945 (1956), Map 11, Department of National Defence) Italian CampaignĪllied forces, including Canadians, had invaded Italy in July 1943, opening up a new front in southern Europe. The Battle for Ortona (inset) and the Adriatic Sector, 28 November 1943 to 4 January 1944.
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